Shingle and shingle construction



April 10, 1928.

1,665,774 c. E. CONWAY SHINGLE AND SHINGLE CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 24. 1927 INVENTOR Patented Apr. 10, 1928.

PATENT" OFWQE.

iononon E. CONWAY, or cnnssxrnn, NEW JERSEY.

SHINGLE AND SHINGLE, cons'rnuerion.

Application filed September 24, 1927. Serial No. 221,673.

This invention relates to shingles and shingle outer wall and roof constructions.

One object of the invention is to provide under shingles of hovel construction which may be combined with outer shingles having hook-shaped. butts to form a weather-proof, durable outer wall or roof structure, said improved shingle structure being adapted to be incorporated either in new construction or applied over old or wornout ridged outer surfaces suchas wood shin led roofs, and

to provide an attractive sur ace, marked by heavy shadow'lines, substantial in appearance and desirable for its decorative value.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved shingle structure which may be constructed of any suitable sheet roofing materials, such as asbestos or woodfibre combined with pitch, tar, rubber compounds or the like, and of sheet metals, but which is particularly adapted to be constructed of tarred and pebble coated sheet roofing; material of any well understood manufacture.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved shingle construction having inner shingles for anchoring rows of outer shingles which shall permit expansion and contraction without causing distortion of the outer surface structure when subjected to variations in temperatures, yet be weatherproof so as to shed all moisture and which shall secure the shingles against dis lacement or tearing by most severe wind orces. A still further object of the invention is the provision of an improved under shingle and shingle construct on of simple form,

which shall be cheap to manufacture, easy to apply, and practical and efficient to a high de ree. I

ther objects of the invention will in part be obvious and in part hereinafter pointed out. Certain features herein shown and described relate to the subject matter contained in 'my Patents Nos. 1,575,974 and 1,661,562,

granted Mar. 9, 1926, and Mar. 6, 1928, re-' spectively of which the present application is a'continuation in part.

\Vith the above exceptions, the invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combination of elements and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter described and of which the scope of the invention will be indicated in the'following claims.

In the accompanying drawing, in which struction, embodying the invention such as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. 1

Figs. 2 and 3 are perspective views of improved under or anchoring shingles embodying the invention. Fig. 4 is a perspective'view of a fragmentary portion of an improved shingle construction embodying the invention adapted to cover old or wo1n ridged surfaces sucl i as a wood shingled roof, using the improved inner shingle shown in Fig. 2. a

Fig. 5 is'a perspective view similar to Fig. 4 showing the invention applied to cover a flat sheathed surface, using improved inner shingle. shown on Fig.3; and

Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional View taken on line 66- in Fig. 2.

Referring in detail to the drawing, 10 denotes an outer shingle comprising a flat body 10 having a hook-shaped edge portion or butt 10 and fo med of any suitable sheet roofing material. material may be made of a composition of asbestos or wood-fibre and tar, pitch, rubber or the like, forming a. stiff sheet A-having a relatively smooth under-surface S and finished with a pebbled or sanded outer surface coating C which adds to fire resisting properties of the shingle.

11- and 12 denote two forms of under, anchoring orinner shingles embodying the invention. Said shingles 11 and 12 are of the same or similar composition as the outer shingle 10 and have flat body portions 11 and 12 respectively, but are formed with hook-shaped edge portions 11" and 12", re-

spectively, berit in the reverse direction relative to its pebbled coating C, that is, the outer shingle 10 has its side with the pebbled coating C outwardly curved to extend about the outer side of the hook-shaped butt 10 whereas the shingles 11 and 12 have their smooth surfaces 53 of the sheets A outwardly curved to extend about the outer sides of the hook-shaped portions 11 and 12 and the pebbled coatings C extending along the inner sides of said hook-shapededge portions as is clearlyseen from Figs. 1., 2, 3 and 6. Said shingles 11 and 12 may have their corners notched as at 11 and 12,

respectively, to facilitate aligning the shingles in straight rows in the manner shown in .labor. In applying the improved shingle constructioi'i, the hook-shaped butts 10" of each row of outer shingles 10 are engaged with aligned flat edge portions l1 of the underlying row of anchoring shingles 11, said flat edge portion being positioned to overhang be end the hook-shaped portions 11 of the ower adjacent row .anchoring shingles 11 for anchoringthe shingle butts 10, as is clearly shown at 14. Thus the butt ends of theouter shingles are secured to withstand the destructive effects. of high velocity air currents to which the shingle structure may be exposed. The flat edge portions 10 of each rowof outer shingles are inserted into the hook-shaped edge portions 11 of the underlying row of anchoring shingles 11 as at 15 and 14, so that said edge portions 11 with the portions 10 inserted therein form an upstanding ledge for supporting overlyin row of flat edge portions 11 and 11 in 518i]? overhanging position. The amount of overhanging of the portion 11 is substantially equivalent to or slightly greater than the interior depth of the turnedunder or hook .portion 10". A suitable fastemng means, such as nails 16 are driven through the superimposed layers formed of the portions 11", 11 and 10 to secure the rows of shingles in position, said nails being covered and protected by the outer shingles 10. As shown in Fig. 4 the vertical ad join ing seams 17 of the under shingles 11 are staggered with respect to the corresponding seams 18 of the outer shingles 10 to prevent seepage of moisture between the shingle layers. If desired the seams 18 may be left open for adding to the decorative appearance of the shingle construction without impairing the thorough wather and moistureproof roperties of the construction since the peb led coating C of the inner shingles 11 are exposed at the seams 18, said exposed shin le portion forming an eflicient drain for s ed ing the moisture as is clearly seen from Fig. 4. It should be noted that the hooked butt of shingle 10 although secured a ainst displacement by the wind, is free to slide in or out, so the outer shin les 10 can expand laterall and longitudinally and are not subject to hulging or other istortions when contracting or expanding under the influence of changes in temperature.

For applyin the improved shingle construction emb ying the invention to flat surfaced supporting structures such as sheathing 20, the form of under shingle 12 embodying the invention, shown. in Fig. 3, may be used in combination with the outer shingle 10 as shown in Fig. 5. The shingle 12 like shingle ll as described above comprises the body 12 having the hook-shaped edge portion 12" and the flat edge portion 12 opposite the portion 12". Said shingle 12 is essentially the same in construction and finish as shingle 11 described above with the exception that the hook-shaped edge portion 12" is made wider so that parts thereof may be cut to form space tongues 12", said tongues being laid flat to serve as fillers underlying row of shingles to prevent the shingle structure from having a sagging appearance.

The notched corners 12 provided in the flat edge portion 12 of the shingle 12 facilitate aligning the overlapping row of under shin les 12 with the underlying hooked edge portlon 12 of the adjoining row of shingles 12 as is clearly shown in Fig. 5.

It will thus be seen that there is provided a shingle and shingled construction in which the several objects of this invention are achieved and which meet the condition of practical use to give unusual satisfaction.

As many other possible embodiments might be made to the above invention and as various changes might be made in the embodiment above set forth, it is to be understood that all matters herein set forth or shown in the'accoinpanying drawing are to be in terpreted as illustrated and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters- Patent:

1. In a shingle construction, the combination of superimposed outer and under shingles having interengaging parts for anchoring the butt edges of the outer shingles to the under shingles and for securing the edge portions of the'outer shingles opposite said but-t ed es to the under shingles. v p 2. In a shingle construction the combination of superimposed outer and under shingles having int-erengaging parts for an choring the buttedges of the outer shingles to the under shingles, and other interengaging parts for securing the edge portions of the outer shingles opposite said butt edges to the under shingles.

3. In a shingle construction the combination of superimposed outer and under shingles having interengaging parts for anchoring the butt edges of the outer shingles to the under shingles, and other interengaging parts for securing the edge portions of the outer shingles opposite said butt edges to the under shingles, and means for fastening' said last mentioned engaging parts to a supporting structure.

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4. In a shingle construction, the combination of overlying outer and under shingles, interlocking means integrally formed with the outer and under shingles for anchoring the butt edges of said outer shingles to the under shingles, and other interlocking means integrally formed with said shingles for securing portions of shingles spaced from said butt edges together.

5. In a shingle construction, the combina'.- tion of overlying outer and under shingles,-

interlocking means integrally formed with the outer and under shingles for anchoring the butt edges of said outer shingles to the under shingles, other interlocking means integrally formed with said shingles for securing portions of shingles spaced from said butt edges together, and means passing through the said secured portions for 'fastening the shingles to a supporting structure.

6. An under shingle of the character described comprising a fiat body having a surface finished for exposureto the weather, a hook-shaped portion formed to extend along one edgeof said body to upstand from said finished surface adapted to engage with a superimposed outer shingle and to serve as a supporting ledge for an overhanging edge portion of an overlying under shingle.

7. In a shingle construction, an under shingle of the character described, comprising a fiat body having a hook-shaped portion extending along one edge thereof for engaging with an outer shingle of said construction and serving as a supporting ledge for an overhanging edge portion of an overlying under shingle.

8. In a shingle construction, an under shingle of the character described, comprising a flat bodyhaving a hook-shaped portion extending along one edge thereof for engaging with an outer shingle of said construction and serving as a supporting ledge for an overhanging edge portion of an overlying under shingle, and means on said bod y "to facilitate aligning the under shingle.

9. An under shingle of the character described comprising afiat body having a surface finished for exposure -to the weather, a hook-shaped portion formed to extend along one/ edge of said body to upstand from said finished surfag'e, adapted to engage with a superimposed outer shingle and. to serve as a supporting ledge for an --overhanging e .lge-po1'tio ii of an overlying under shingle, said body having notches, to'facilitate aligning the under shingles in overlapping rows. 10. In a shingle construction, an under shingle of the character described, comprising a fiat body having a hook-shaped per-- tion extending along one edge thereof for engaging with an outer shingle of said construction and serving as a supporting ledge for an overhanging edge port-ionof ag, overlying under shingle, and a filler formed from said hook-shaped portion extending outwardly therefrom as and for the purpose described and specified.

. 11. An under shingle of the character described comprising a flat body having a surface finished for exposure to the weather, a hook-shaped portion formed to extend along the edge of said body to upstand from said finished surface adapted to engage with a superimposed outer shingle and to serve as a supporting ledgefor an overhanging edge portion of an overlying under shingle, said hook-shaped portion being out to form a tongue extending outwardly therefrom for serving as a filler for overlying shingles.

12. In a shingle construction, the combination of a plurality of superimposed outer and under shingles laid in a row, each shingle having a flat body with a hookshaped "edge the hook-shaped edges of the under shingles engaging with flat edge porportions of the under shingles of the second row overhangingly overlapping the hookshaped edges of the under shingles in said first row;

13. In a shingle construction, the combination' of a plurality of superimposed outer and under shingles laid in a row, each shingle having a flat body. with a hookshaped edge, the hook-shaped edges of the under shingles engaging with fiat edge portions of the outer shingles and/the hook-' shaped edges of the outer shingles engaging with flat portions of the under shingles, and a.

second row of superimposed outer and under shingles of the second row overhangingly overlappingthe hook-shaped edges of the under shingles in said first row, and tongue fillers extending from the hook-shaped edges of said first row to underlie the second row of shingles.

14,. Ina shingle construction, the combination of a plurality of superimposed under and outer shingles laid in a row, each shingle having a wearproof coating and formed with a hook-shaped edge, the hookshaped edges of the under shingles engag-' ing with flat edge portions of the outer shingles and the hook-shaped edges of the outer shingles engaging with flat portions of the under shingles, the hook-shaped edges on the under shingles votlistanding'from the coated side thereof and the hook-shaped edge on the. outer shingles oflt'standing from the uncoated side toipresent said coatings on each shingle for exposure to the weather.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

GEORGE E. CONWAY. 

